Umoyilapho udlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amandla esimanje, njengento ebalulekile ezinqubweni zokushisa. Ezinhlelweni zamandla ezifana nezimishini zikagesi, ukutholakala kanye nekhwalithi yomoyilapho kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kanye nomthelela wezemvelo ekukhiqizeni ugesi. Ngokukhethekile, umoyilapho usekela ukushisa okuphelele kukaphethiloli, okungagcini nje ngokukhulisa kakhulu amandla akhiqizwayo kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto ezilimazayo. Ezinhlelweni zezimboni, ukwenza kahle ukusetshenziswa komoyilapho kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezimishini zikagesi ngenkathi kuncishiswa izindleko zokusebenza.

Kulo mkhakha, iKansgas Generator Company, umkhiqizi odumile wezinto zokukhiqiza igesi okubalwa kuzo izinjini ze-oxygen, ihola izixazululo ezihlanganisa ukuhlinzekwa kwe-oxygen ethuthukisiwe nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza amandla. Ubuchwepheshe babo bugxile ekuhlinzekeni i-oxygen ehlanzekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokushiswa nokwethembeka. Njengoba amabhizinisi emhlabeni wonke efuna ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, ukuqonda indima ye-oxygen nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe beKansgas kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amandla esimeme.

I-oksijini ayinakugwenywa ekushiseni ngoba isabela nomsizi wokudala ukushisa, inika amandla izinjini ezikhiqiza ugesi. Lapho ukuhlinzekwa kwe-oksijini kunganele noma kungahlanzekile, kwenzeka ukushisa okungaphelele, okuholela ekukhiqizeni amandla aphansi kanye nokukhishwa okuphezulu njenge-carbon monoxide nama-hydrocarbon angashiswanga. Ngakho-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwe-oksijini okwanele nokuhlanzekile kuyisisekelo sokusebenza kahle kwezinjini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-oksijini kunikeza amathuba okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli nokwandisa impilo yezinjini. Ubuchwepheshe njengokushisa okune-oksijini okungaphezulu buyathandwa ekukhiqizeni amandla ezimbonini, futhi izinjini ze-oksijini zeKansgas zakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo. Izixazululo zabo zinegalelo ekunakekeleni imvelo kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho kumabhizinisi athembele emithonjeni yamandla ethembekile.

Sekukonke, ukuhlanganiswa kwezixazululo ze-oksijeni nemishini yokukhiqiza amandla kuyindlela yamasu ukuze kufezekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-generator nokusebenza okuzinzile. Lesi sihloko sihlole ukuthi i-oksijeni ithuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kwe-generator ye-Kansgas kanye nezinzuzo eziletha ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zamafutha, kusekelwa izifundo zangempela zezimo kanye nezimo zemboni ezizayo.

Ama-generator e-Kansgas azuza kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni kwezixazululo ze-oksijeni, ezithuthukisa inqubo yokushisa. Ngokucebisa umoya wokushisa nge-oksijeni, la ma-generator afinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lelangabi, okuholela ekushisweni okuphelele kwamafutha. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kokushisa okwandisiwe kuguqulela ngqo ekwandeni kwamandla akhiqizwayo kanye nokuncipha kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha. Ukucebisa nge-oksijeni nakho kwenza kube lula ukushisa komlilo, kunciphisa ukuguquguquka nokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kwe-generator.

Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-oksijeni ukunciphisa ukuncishiswa kwe-nitrogen emoyeni wokushisa. Umoya ovamile uqukethe cishe u-78% we-nitrogen, esebenza njengegesi elingenzi lutho futhi idonsa ukushisa ngesikhathi sokushisa, yehlisa izinga lokushisa jikelele. Ngokuhlinzeka ngomoya ocebile nge-oksijeni, izinjini zeKansgas zinciphisa ubukhona be-nitrogen futhi zandise ukusebenza kahle kwe-thermal. Lokhu kuholela ezingeni eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kwamandla kanye negesi elihlanzekile eliphuma emoyeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinjini ze-oksijeni zeKansgas zinikeza ukuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo kwe-oksijeni ephezulu, eyenziwe ngendlela efanele ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zezinhlelo zazo zokukhiqiza amandla. Ukulethwa okunembayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga e-oksijeni ahlala ekahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene zomthwalo, kuvimbela ukushisa okungaphelele kanye nengcindezi ezintweni. Ngezilawuli ezizenzakalelayo kanye nokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela, izixazululo zeKansgas zigcina ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezinjini futhi sandise ukuphila kwazo okusebenzayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo kusiza ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwezinto ezingcolisa umoya njenge-nitrogen oxides (NOx). Ngokulawula ngokucophelela izinga lomoya-mpilo, izinjini zeKansgas zingalungisa izinga lokushisa lokushiswa ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa kwe-NOx, ngaleyo ndlela zihlangabezane nemithetho eqinile yezemvelo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emikhakheni yezimboni ehlose ukunciphisa ukukhishwa komoya ngaphandle kokudela amandla akhiqizwayo.

Ngokufingqa, ukuhlanganiswa komoya-mpilo kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinjini zeKansgas ngokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokushiswa, ukuzinza kokusebenza, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto ezingcolisa umoya, nokuvumela ukonga okuphelele kukaphethiloli. Lezi zinzuzo zibeka iKansgas njengomholi ekuhlinzekeni ngezixazululo eziphambili zegesi eziklanyelwe izidingo zamandla zesimanje.

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-oksijini nama-generator e-Kansgas ziningi kakhulu futhi zithinta kokubili ukusebenza kahle kwezinto kanye nokusimama kwemvelo. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, ukushiswa okwenziwe nge-oksijini kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokwenza kube lula ukushiswa okuphelele nokusheshayo kwezinto zokushisa ezifana negesi yemvelo, uwoyela kadizili, noma i-biogas. Lokhu kuncishiswa kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kunciphisa ngqo izindleko zokusebenza zabakhiqizi bamandla nabasebenzisi bezimboni.

Okwesibili, ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yokuphuma komshini wokukhiqiza ugesi. Ukuzinza okuthuthukisiwe kokushiswa kusho ukwehliswa kwesikhathi sokungasebenzi kanye nezidingo ezincane zokugcinwa, njengoba izingxenye zenjini zithola ukugqokwa okuncane nokwakheka kukarboni. Izixazululo zomoya-mpilo zeKansgas zibambisana nasekugcineni impilo yemishini yokukhiqiza ugesi, zinikeza amabhizinisi umthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa onezindleko zokuba nazo eziphansi kakhulu.

Izinzuzo zemvelo nazo zibalulekile. Ngokukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokushiswa, imishini yokukhiqiza ugesi enomoya-mpilo owengeziwe ikhipha amagesi ambalwa abangela umthelela wokushisa komhlaba kanye nezinhlayiya. I-Kansgas ibeka phambili ukusimama ngokuhlinzeka ngemishini yokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo esekela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ahlanzekile ahambisana nemigomo yomhlaba wonke yokukhishwa. Lokhu kuzibophezela kuyinzuzo enkulu yokuncintisana ezinkampanini ezifuna ukuthuthukisa indawo yazo yemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-oksijeni kuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekusebenziseni uphethiloli. Izinjini zeKansgas zingakwazi ukushisa kahle izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zikaphethiloli ngokucebiswa nge-oksijeni, okuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi azivumelanise nokutholakala kukaphethiloli okuguquguqukayo nezindleko. Lokhu kuguquguquka kukaphethiloli kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokusebenza futhi kusekela ukuguqukela kwezinye izindlela zamandla ezihlanzekile.

Ekugcineni, ukusetshenziswa kwezixazululo ze-oksijeni zeKansgas kusekelwa yizinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe ezibanzi, okubandakanya ukuklama uhlelo, ukufakwa, nokugcinwa. Lokhu kusekelwa okubanzi kuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okungenamihuzuko nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo ze-oksijeni nezinjini zeKansgas, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthembekile ezimbonini ezidinga izixazululo zamandla ezithembekile.

Ukushiswa komoya-mpilo okwandisiwe kuthinta izinhlobo ezahlukene zamafutha ngendlela ehlukile, futhi ukuqonda lezi zici ezicashile kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwesishintshi. Kuma-generator asebenzisa igesi yemvelo, ukwengezwa komoya-mpilo kuthuthukisa izinga lokushisa lezikhwepha nesivinini, kukhuthaza ukushiswa okuphelele nokunciphisa ukudlula kukamethane. Lokhu kuholela ekukhiqizeni amandla aphezulu kanye nokuncishiswa kokukhishwa kwamacarbohydrates angashiswanga.

Uma usebenzisa uphethiloli we-diesel, ukwengeza oksijeni kusiza ukunciphisa ukuvela kwe-sothi futhi kuthuthukise ukuhlanzeka kokushiswa. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni kube nokonga uphethiloli okungcono nokwehla kokukhishwa kwezakhi ezincane. Abakhiqizi bomswakama we-Kansgas banendima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukutholakala nokugxiliswa kwe-oksijeni ukuze kufezwe lezi zinzuzo njalo.

Ngokwe-biogas, ethwele izinkinga ezivamile nezinga elihlukahlukene le-methane, ukushiswa okwenziwe ngoxhaxha lwe-oyela kuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokusebenza kahle. U-oyela owengeziwe uyabuyisela inani eliphansi lokushisa le-biogas, uqinisekisa ukukhishwa okwaneleyo kokushisa nokusebenza okuqinisekile kwejeneretha. Ubuchwepheshe be-Kansgas bokuhlanzwa kwegesi nokukhiqizwa kwe-oyela kusekela ukusetshenziswa kahle kwe-biogas ekukhiqizeni amandla.

Amafutha atholakala ku-coal noma amanye amafutha aqinile angazuza futhi ngokufakwa kwe-oyela, nakuba imininingwane yokusebenza ihluka. Ukushiswa okwenziwe ngoxhaxha lwe-oyela kungasiza ekwenzeni izinga eliphezulu lokushisa futhi kunciphise imfucumfucu ye-carbon engashisiwe. Abaklami be-Kansgas basebenza eduze namakhasimende ukuze benze izinhlelo zokulethwa kwe-oyela ezifanele uhlobo lwabo lwamafutha nezinhloso zokusebenza.

Ngokujwayelekile, ukusetshenziswa kwesu kwe-oyela namafutha ahlukene kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwejeneretha ye-Kansgas ngokwenza izimo zokushiswa ezikhulisa ukusebenza kahle, zinciphisa ukukhishwa, futhi zandise impilo yemishini.

I-Kansgas inomlando oqinisekisiwe wokuphumelela ekuqalisweni kwezixazululo zomoya-mpilo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezizukulwane ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Isimo esisodwa esivelele sasihlanganisa indawo yokukhiqiza eyayithuthukisa izizukulwane zayo zegesi yemvelo ngezinhlelo zokucebisa umoya-mpilo ze-Kansgas. Umphumela wawukwanda kwamandla okuphuma ngo-15% kanye nokuncipha kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngo-10%, kanye nokuncipha okukhulu kokukhishwa kwe-carbon monoxide.

Esinye isimo, isiteshi samandla esisebenzisa igesi yemvelo evela endaweni yokwelapha udoti sahlanganisa izizukulwane zomoya-mpilo ze-Kansgas ukuze sihlanganise ukushiswa. Lokhu kuhlangana kuthuthukise isikhathi sokusebenza sezizukulwane ngo-20% futhi kunciphise izindleko zokugcinwa ezihlobene nokungcola kokushiswa. Lo msebenzi ubonise ikhono le-Kansgas lokwenza izixazululo zomoya-mpilo zibe ngokoqobo ezimweni eziyinselele zemithombo kaphethiloli.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iKansgas ibambisene namaklayenti ezimboni ukuthi ifake ubuchwepheshe bokujova umoya-mpilo kumajeneretha kadizili akhona, okwaholela kumaphrofayili okukhipha umusi ahlanzekile kanye nokuthobela imithetho yezemvelo. Le miprojekthi ibonisa ukuguquguquka kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zomoya-mpilo zeKansgas ezimeni ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza.

Amaklayenti azuza ukwesekwa okuphelele kweKansgas, okuhlanganisa ukuhlola endaweni, ukuklama izixazululo, ukufakwa, kanye nenkonzo yobuchwepheshe eqhubekayo. Le ndlela ephelele iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa komoya-mpilo kuletha ukuthuthukiswa okulinganisekayo kokusebenza futhi kuhambisana nezinjongo zebhizinisi.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngalezi zimo eziphumelelayo kanye nezixazululo ezintsha zeKansgas, izivakashi zingahlola Izingqinamba ikhasi, elinikeza imininingwane enemininingwane yephrojekthi kanye nobufakazi bamakhastoma.

Izixazululo ze-oksijeni zibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle nokusimama kwama-generator akwaKansgas. Ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokushiswa, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, nokwehlisa ukukhishwa, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-oksijeni kuqinisa ukuncintisana kwezinhlelo zokukhiqiza amandla. Ubuchwepheshe be-Kansgas Generator Company kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha be-oksijeni bumenza abe ngumholi ekuhlinzekeni ngezixazululo zamandla ezingathembekile, ezingasebenzi kahle, futhi eziphethe imvelo.

Sibheke phambili, izitayela ezivelayo ekusebenziseni i-oksijeni zihlanganisa ukuqapha nokulawula kwedijithali, ukuhlanganiswa nezinsiza ezivuselelekayo, kanye nentuthuko yama-generator we-oksijeni acindezelwe, asebenza kahle ngamandla. Lezi zithuthukisi zizoqhubeka nokuphakamisa ukusebenza kwe-generator futhi zisekele izinhloso zokunciphisa i-carbon emhlabeni wonke. I-Kansgas iqhubeka nokutshala imali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni ukuze ilethe izixazululo ze-oksijeni ezisezingeni eliphezulu emakethe, iqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende ahlala esiqongweni sobuchwepheshe bamandla.

Amabhizinisi afuna ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwama-generator awo nokusimama ayakhuthazwa ukuthi ahlolisise uhla oluphelele lwemikhiqizo namasevisi e-Kansgas. Ulwazi oluningiliziwe lutholakala ku-IMIKHIHWA ikhasi, futhi ingemuva lenkampani lingatholakala ku Mayelana Nathi ikhasi. Ngemibuzo ejwayelekile noma ukubonisana okwenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo, i-IKHAYA ikhasi linikeza imininingwane yokuxhumana nezinye izinsiza.

Ekuphetheni, indima ye-oksijeni ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwe-generator ye-Kansgas ibalulekile, inezinzuzo eziqinisekisiwe ezindaweni zokusebenza ezahlukene. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokushiswa obunokwenziwa kwe-oksijeni kuyisicwangciso esibheke phambili esiletha kokubili izinzuzo zezimali nezemvelo ezinkampanini zokukhiqiza amandla emhlabeni jikelele.